Abstract and Applied Analysis

If you or your co-authors have used Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) tools such as ChatGPT and others based on large language models (LLMs) to develop any portion of a manuscript, their use must be described transparently and in detail in the Methods section. Find more details on Wiley’s AI guidelines for researchers and Wiley’s AI policy in full in the Best Practices Guidelines on…

All listed authors should have contributed to the manuscript substantially and have agreed to the final submitted version. You can review the Authorship section of Wiley’s Best Practice Guidelines on Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics for Wiley’s definition of authorship.

A common reason for third-party complaints of published articles is an allegation that author(s) have not fully disclosed perceived conflicts of interest (COIs). Such complaints may lead to ethics investigations by the journal and publisher. Therefore, when submitting your manuscript, you should disclose any potential conflicts of interests (also referred to as “competing interests”) that might ap…

This journal encourages data sharing. You can learn more about data sharing in Wiley’s Data Sharing Policies resource.

This journal adheres to the ethical standards set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to uphold integrity in scholarly research and publishing. While COPE previously organized its guidance around "core practices," these have since been replaced with a topic-based structure to better reflect the evolving needs of the research community. You can learn more about this transition and explore…

This is an open access journal. Authors of accepted papers pay an Article Publication Charge (APC) and their papers are published under a Creative Commons (CC) license. For more information on this journal’s APCs and licensing policy, please visit this journal’s Open Access page. Note: Some funders require authors to use a particular type of CC license. Please check directly with your funder to de…

Open access with CC license Model summary

This is an open access journal. Submissions will be subject to an Article Publication Charge (APC) if accepted and published in the journal. Please read more about APCs and whether you may be eligible for waivers or discounts through your institution, your funder, or a country waiver at Wiley Author Services.

We follow a single-anonymized peer-review model, for applicable article types. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer reviewed by at least one anonymous reviewer and an Associate or Assistant Editor. Papers authored by Editors or Editorial Board members of the journal will be sent to Editors unaffiliated with the author or institution and monitored carefully to ensure there is no peer…

Preprint policy Model summary

The journal accepts articles previously published on preprint servers and does not consider this to compromise the novelty of the results. Articles based on content previously made public only on a preprint server, institutional repository, or in a thesis will be considered. The preprint should be cited. You will be asked to update any pre-publication versions with a link to the final published ar…

This journal’s standard copyright agreement allows for self-archiving of different versions of the article under specific conditions. You can learn more by reading Wiley’s self-archiving policy.