Language and Literature

该期刊要求在提交过程中列出每位作者的贡献，并在致谢部分之后加入“作者贡献”标题，该信息将在校对阶段显示。 模型中文摘要

You will be asked to list the contribution of each author as part of the submission process. Please include the Author Contributions heading within your submission after the Acknowledgements section. The information you give on submission will then show under the Author Contributions heading later at the proofing stage.

该期刊鼓励作者在遵守伦理和法律要求的前提下，将研究数据共享到公共数据存储库，并包含数据可用性声明，说明数据链接或无法共享的原因，并在研究中引用该数据。 模型中文摘要

The Journal is committed to facilitating openness, transparency and reproducibility of research, and has the following research data sharing policy. For more information, including FAQs please visit the Sage Research Data policy pages. Subject to appropriate ethical and legal considerations, authors are encouraged to: Share your research data in a relevant public data repository Include a data ava…

该期刊要求在指定标题下包含伦理批准声明，即使已在方法部分包含；若无需伦理批准，也必须明确说明；涉及人类参与者、人类数据或人体组织的研究必须提供伦理委员会或机构审查委员会的批准或豁免信息，包括委员会全名、机构及批准号。 模型中文摘要

Please include your ethics approval statements under this heading, even if you have already included ethics approval information in your methods section. If ethical approval was not required, you need to explicitly state this. All papers reporting studies involving human participants, human data or human tissue must state that the relevant Ethics Committee or Institutional Review Board approved th…

该期刊不收取投稿或出版费用，彩色图片在线出版免费，但印刷版彩色复制需付费；作者可通过Sage Choice计划或开放获取协议选择付费开放获取出版，费用可能根据协议折扣或免费。 模型中文摘要

There are no fees payable to submit or publish in this journal. Figures submitted in color will be published in color in the online version of the journal at no cost. For specifically requested colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Sage after receipt of your accepted article. Optional open access publishing is available for a fee via the Sage Choice pr…

该期刊采用单盲同行评审，审稿人与编辑互动，不公开审稿人信息；稿件需先通过初步评估，不符合要求的稿件将被退回修改或直接拒稿，通过评估后进入同行评审。 模型中文摘要

The following summary describes the peer review process for this journal: Identity transparency: Single-anonymized Reviewer interacts with: Editor Review information published: None Your manuscript will undergo an initial evaluation. If it does not conform to the requirements laid out in these guidelines, it will be returned to you for amendments prior to peer review. Manuscripts may be desk rejec…

该期刊和Sage高度重视版权侵权、抄袭及其他违反出版最佳实践的行为，并建议作者阅读Sage的完整抄袭政策。 模型中文摘要

The journal and Sage take issues of copyright infringement, plagiarism or other breaches of best practice in publication very seriously. Please read Sage's complete policy on plagiarism and the actions we may take.

该期刊接受已在预印本服务器上发布的稿件，要求作者在提交时填写预印本DOI，并建议在提交时告知编辑部；同行评审期间不应在预印本服务器上发布更新版本。 模型中文摘要

The journal will consider submissions of manuscripts that have been posted on preprint servers. Please enter the preprint DOI in the designated field when submitting your manuscript. We advise that you inform the Journal Editorial office about your posted preprint at submission. Note that you should not post an updated version of your manuscript on a preprint server while it is being peer reviewed…

该期刊要求稿件遵循EQUATOR网络报告指南，具体取决于研究类型，作者需使用EQUATOR向导识别适当指南，并在提交时上传相应检查清单。 模型中文摘要

Your manuscript must follow the relevant EQUATOR Network reporting guidelines, depending on the type of study. The EQUATOR wizard can help identify the appropriate guideline. You will need to upload the appropriate checklist with your submission. Other resources can be found at NLM’s Research Reporting Guidelines and Initiatives.